Precast Concrete (PC) Material Risk Assessment Guide and Key Hazards

Risk Assessment Sheet.pptx

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  1. What is Precast Concrete (PC) ?
2. Key Hazards of Precast Concrete (PC)
3. 5-Step Risk Assessment Procedure for Precast Concrete (PC)
4. Sample Precast Concrete (PC) Risk Assessment Table
5. Practical Tips
6. Relevant Regulations & References (Korea-based)
 7. Conclusion

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🏗️1. What is Precast Concrete (PC)?

Precast Concrete (PC) refers to concrete structural members that are manufactured in a controlled factory environment and then assembled on-site.
Typical PC components include columns, beams, slabs, and wall panels.
Using PC improves construction efficiency, quality consistency, and reduces on-site labor and schedule durations.

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⚠️ 2. Major Hazards of PC Materials

Category	Hazard	Description
Fall from Height	Falling during high-level assembly	Workers may fall due to lack of safety harness or guardrails when installing PC components at height
Falling Objects	Component drop	Cranes may fail or lifting components may be poorly secured, resulting in dropped materials
Crushing	Pinch points during assembly	Workers may get hands or feet caught between PC components during alignment or fixing
Collapse	Tipping during temporary support	Without proper bracing, components may collapse or topple during temporary placement
Damage	Breakage or flying debris	PC elements may crack or splinter during lifting or transport, posing risk of injury
Musculoskeletal Injury	Repetitive auxiliary tasks	Repeated tasks like inserting pins or setting up props may cause joint or muscle strain

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📋 3. 5-Step Risk Assessment Procedure for PC Materials

1. Identify Hazards
   → Recognize potential risks throughout delivery, transport, and installation of PC elements.
2. Evaluate Risks
   → Quantitatively assess the likelihood (F) and severity (S) of each hazard.
3. Determine Acceptability
   → Use Risk = F × S to determine if the risk level is acceptable.
4. Set Priorities
   → Prioritize high-risk tasks for immediate improvement.
5. Implement and Execute Control Measures
   → Install bracing supports, fall prevention systems, and personal protective equipment (PPE).

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🧾 4. Sample PC Risk Assessment Table

Example 1)

Task	Phase Hazard	Likelihood (F)	Severity (S)	Risk (R=F×S)	Risk Grade	Control Measures
Elevated installation	Fall from height	4	5	20	High	Wear safety harness, install guardrails
Lifting PC elements	Falling materials	3	5	15	High	Inspect wire ropes, assign signalman
Alignment during assembly	Pinch injuries	3	4	12	Medium	Safety training, maintain safe spacing
Temporary positioning	Collapse risk	3	5	15	High	Use proper bracing, fix sequentially
Crane transport	Breakage / debris	2	4	8	Medium	Install bumpers, designate work area
Repetitive pin setting	Musculoskeletal strain	3	3	9	Medium	Provide rest time, use ergonomic tools

 

Example 2) 

No	Material	Hazard Risk	Grade (A/B/C)	Safety Measures	Execution Notes
-	PC  materials	Stacking	-	Stack in two layers or less	-
-			-	Use at least two base supports on flat surface	-
-		Transport	-	Use forklift for movement	-
-		Lifting	-	Use double-sling method with wire rope or sling belt	-
-			-	Install guide rope on both ends (use 16mm PP rope without knots)	-
-		Yard Storage	-	Demarcate storage zone with traffic cones	-

Note: Risk grades (A, B, C) and control levels (1–4) should be adjusted to site-specific conditions.

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🛠️ 5. Practical Safety Tips

• Ensure solid bracing: Check all supports and formwork stability before assembly.
• Assign a signalman: Designate one worker to direct lifting operations to avoid confusion.
• Minimize vibration during transport: Use shock-absorbing pads when lifting or moving PC members by crane.
• Prevent crush injuries: Wear gloves and maintain safe distances when working in tight gaps.
• Use fall prevention systems: Inspect crane connections and use double-hook systems as a habit.

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📚 6. Relevant Laws and Guidelines (Korea-based)

• Occupational Safety and Health Regulations
  Article 74: Use of Hoisting Equipment
  Article 53: Work at Height
• PC Structure Installation Safety Guide (Ministry of Employment and Labor)
• Precast Concrete Work Safety Manual (KOSHA, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency)

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✅ 7. Conclusion

While PC materials significantly improve construction efficiency, they involve high-risk, heavy-duty operations.
All workers must conduct thorough risk assessments before installation and take preventive actions to avoid falls, drops, and crushing incidents.
Education and pre-task planning are essential.

 

🔒 “Quality begins in the factory, but safety is completed on-site.”

The success of precast concrete installation lies in precise planning and thorough safety control.

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👉This article is an English version based on the original Korean text.

👉 Go to the original text (Korean version) : 원문(한국어 버전) 보러가기

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