Gang Form Risk Assessment Guide and Key Hazards

Risk Assessment Sheet.pptx

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1. What is a Gang Form?
2. Key Hazards of Gang Form
3. 5-Step Risk Assessment Procedure for Gang Form
4. Sample Gang Form Risk Assessment Table
5. Practical Tips
6. Relevant Regulations & References (Korea-based)
 7. Conclusion

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🏗️ 1. What is a Gang Form?

Gang Form refers to a large, pre-assembled modular formwork system used for casting concrete walls, columns, and cores.
Unlike traditional small-panel formworks, gang forms are lifted and installed using cranes, allowing for faster and more efficient vertical construction in high-rise buildings.
However, the size and weight of gang forms, along with their crane dependency, introduce several safety hazards that must be properly managed.

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⚠️ 2. Key Hazards of Gang Formwork

Category	Hazard	Description
Falling	Drop from height during lifting	Risk of formwork detaching or swinging uncontrollably during crane operation
Crushing	Pinch points during assembly	Hands or body parts may get caught between panels or brackets
Collapse	Improper anchoring	Risk of tipping or collapse if gang form is not properly fixed or supported
Structural Damage	Impact from equipment	Collisions with tower cranes or hoists may deform the frame or cause material failure
Musculoskeletal	Manual adjustments	Strain injuries can occur when manually aligning or tightening heavy form components

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📋 3. 5-Step Risk Assessment Process for Gang Forms

1. Identify Hazards
   → Review potential hazards at each stage: lifting, alignment, installation, dismantling
2. Evaluate Risk
   → Calculate risk using: Risk = Likelihood (F) × Severity (S)
3. Determine Acceptability
   → Assess whether risk level is acceptable based on the risk score (R)
4. Prioritize Actions
   → Address high-risk activities first and implement immediate controls
5. Implement Control Measures
   → Apply proper lifting tools, secure anchoring systems, PPE usage, and training programs

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🧾 4. Sample Gang Form Risk Assessment Table

Example 1)

Task Phase	Hazard	Likelihood (F)	Severity (S)	Risk (F×S)	Risk Level	Control Measures
Crane lifting	Falling hazard	3	5	15	High	Use certified lifting slings, pre-check crane connections
Panel alignment	Crushing injury	3	4	12	Medium	Wear gloves, use alignment tools, maintain safe spacing
Anchoring	Collapse risk	2	5	10	High	Use engineered support brackets, verify anchor points
Dismantling	Material drop	3	3	9	Medium	Assign spotters, ensure platform clearance
Manual handling	Back strain	3	2	6	Medium	Use assistive tools, rotate tasks, apply ergonomic methods

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Example 2) Gang Form Use & Control Measures

No	Material	Task	Hazard	Risk Grade (A/B/C)	Control Level	Safety Measures	Execution Notes
-	Gang Form	Lifting	Drop from crane	A	1	Use double-hook sling system, check wind conditions	Follow crane signaling protocol
-		Anchoring	Tipping risk	A	1	Use wall tie systems, verify torque settings	Engineer approval required
-		Assembly	Pinch injury	B	2	Wear PPE, apply slow tightening procedures	Use hydraulic wrenches if available
-		Storage	Collapse or shift	C	3	Stack on level ground, chock base frames	Mark zone with warning signs

Note: Risk grades (A: High, B: Medium, C: Low) and control levels (1–4) should be adapted to site-specific conditions.

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🛠️ 5. Practical Safety Tips

• Pre-inspect lifting equipment: Always check sling belts, pins, and crane hooks before lifting operations
• Use anti-sway ropes: Prevent uncontrolled swinging by attaching tag lines during movement
• Plan layout ahead: Pre-determine lifting paths and landing positions to minimize risk
• Assign a signalman: Only one trained worker should guide the crane operator to prevent miscommunication
• Avoid manual force: Use aligning tools and avoid inserting hands between panel gaps

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📚 6. Relevant Laws & Guidelines (Korea-based)

• Occupational Safety and Health Regulations, Article 74 – Use of hoisting equipment
• Article 52 – Measures for work at height
• KOSHA Guide C-82-2021 – Safety standards for gang form operations
• Temporary Structure Safety Manual – Ministry of Employment and Labor (Korea)

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✅ 7. Conclusion

Gang forms offer major advantages in speed and quality of construction but carry high-risk factors due to their size, weight, and lifting process.
A detailed risk assessment and proper control measures are essential to prevent falls, crushing injuries, and collapse.
Safety in gang form operations starts with planning, training, and teamwork.

🛡️ “Lift the form with strength, manage the risk with precision.”
Every worker must follow safety protocols and remain alert to ensure successful and injury-free operations.

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👉This article is an English version based on the original Korean text.

👉 Go to the original text (Korean version) : 원문(한국어 버전) 보러가기

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